Bibliography
- The government's Central Bureau of Statistics has closed its internet site owing to the conflict in Syria. Before it closed down, this site was an important source of information on local administration in Syria. Many other sites providing information on the way government is organised in Syria (e.g. US Library of Congress, Arab Decision database) were used as sources.
- Syria's constitution, which was revised in 2012, has been translated into English and French, but this is not the case for the new electoral law and the local administration law (both of which have been amended since the revolution). These documents were consulted in the original Arabic version.
- The conflict in Syria also seems to have caused several internet sites of ministries to be shut down, including for example the sites of the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Social Affairs and
Employment and the Ministry of Local Administration. This makes it difficult to find detailed information on remits and implementation of policies for all these policy areas.
Constitution:
Constitution (English translation authorised by the UNHCR)
Websites & Publications
Al-Islah Ash-Shamil: <<Maraseem wa Qararaat>> al-Ra'is al-Assad Yusadr al-Mrsoom al-Teshria'I Raqam 107 al-Mutadaman Qanoon al-Idara al-Mahlia. Syrian Arab News Agency, available at: http://sana.sy/ara/360/2011/08/24/365508.htm (in Arabic).
Arab Political Systems: Baseline Information and Reforms – Syria. FRIDE and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, available at: http://www.fride.org/page/13/fride-carnegie:-arab-political-systems--baseline-information-and-reforms (in English).
BBC, "EU Steps up Syria Sanctions with Ban on Oil Imports", available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14759416
Constitution Net, Constitutional History of Syria, available at: http://www.constitutionnet.org/country/constitutional-history-syria (in English).
C. Roussel, Les Druzes de Syrie (Beirut, IFPO 2011).
Damascus Centre for Theoretical and Civil Rights Studies, available at: http://www.dctcrs.org/
(in Arabic).
F. Balanche, "Les municipalités dans la Syrie baathiste: déconcentration administrative et contrôle politique", Revue Tiers Monde, 193 (2008) pp. 169-187.
World Preservation Foundation, "Desertification Threatens 59% of Syrian Lands", available at: www.worldpreservationfoundation.org/blog/news/dayah-desertification-threatens-59-of-syrian-lands-doubling-efforts-to-face-the-phenomenon/#.UkKULhaxbFI (in English).
International Conference on Sustainable Urban Development in Syria, Mediterranean Commission, available at: http://www.commed-cglu.org/IMG/pdf/SyrCitiesConf_Preliminary_Program_and_Outline_en_180809.pdf (in English).
World Bank, Irrigation Sector Report 2001 – Syrian Arabic Republic (Part 3. Institutional Framework and Sector Organization), available at: http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2001/09/21/000094946_01090804014647/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf (in English).
Labour Law No. 17 (2010); Syrian Arab Republic, available at: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---ilo_aids/documents/legaldocument/wcms_145645.pdf
(in English).
Local Administration in Syria. US Library of Congress. Last visited on 14.8.2013 and available at: http://countrystudies.us/syria/52.htm (in English).
Mashro'a Aaliyaat al-Islaah Ad-Dostoori fi Sooria. Majmo'a Nahda. Last visited on 20.8.2013 and available at: http://countrystudies.us/syria/52.htm (in English).
Ministry of Culture; Syrian Arab Republic. Last visited on 20.8.2013 and available at: http://www.moc.gov.sy/index.php (in Arabic).
Ministry of Tourism; Syrian Arab Republic. Last visited on 20.8.2013 and available at: http://www.syriatourism.org/index.php?newlang=eng (in English).
Qanoon al-Intikhabaat al-'Ama. Majlis ash-Sh'ab as-Soori. Last visited on 19.8.2013 and available at: http://parliament.sy/forms/new_laws/viewNew_laws.php?law_id=19&mid=0&cid=31 (in Arabic). (in Arabic).
Syria Country Profile Arab Decision. Last visited on 12.8.2013 and available at: www.arabdecision.org
(in English).
"Syria's New Environment Ministry Lacks Budget, clout"; Environment News Service. Last visited on 20.8.2013 and available at: http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/jul2009/2009-07-27-03.asp (in English).
Syria Country Profile; ITOPF. Last visited on 20.8.2013 and available at: http://www.itopf.com/_assets/country/syria.pdf (in English).
"Syria: Active Promotion of Gender Equality in Rural Areas"; IRIN (UN Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs). Last visited on 23.8.2013 and available at: http://www.irinnews.org/report/25406/syria-active-promotion-of-gender-equality-in-rural-areas (in English).
Syrian e-Gov Web Portal. Overview of ministries.
Y. Takla, "Corpus juris du Mandat français" in N. Méouchy & P. Sluglett (eds.), The British and French Mandates in Comparative Perspectives (Leiden/Boston, Brill 2004).
Tarikh 'an al-Wazaara: Leha al-Mowaarid al'Maa'ia. Wazaarat al-Mowaarid al-Maa'ia. Last visited on 20.8.2013 and available at: http://www.irrigation.gov.sy/index.php?d=90 (in Arabic).
"The Opening of Sea Line between Syria and Italy". Last visited on 20.8.2013 and available at: http://www.mot.gov.sy/index.php?d=156&id=1132 (in Arabic).
"The Road Not Traveled: Education Reform in the Middle East and North Africa"; World Bank. Last visited on 22.8.2013 and available at: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/MENAEXT/0,,contentMDK:21617643~pagePK:146736~piPK:226340~theSitePK:256299,00.html (in English).
UN Data – Syrian Arab Republic. Last visited on 6.8.2013 and available at: data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Syrian%20Arab%20Republic (in English).
"Vocational Education and Training in Syria and its Relevance to the Labour Market" (2003); European Training Foundation. Last visited on 22.8.2013 and available at: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/MENAEXT/0,,contentMDK:21617643~pagePK:146736~piPK:226340~theSitePK:256299,00.html (in English).
Wazaaret al'T'aleem al-'Aali; al-jumhuriyya al-'Arabiyya al-Sooriyya. Last visited on 20.8.2013 and available at: http://www.mohe.gov.sy/new/ (in Arabic).
World Bank Data – Syrian Arab Republic (2012). Last visited on 6.8.2013 and available at: data.worldbank.org/country/syrian-Arab-republic (in English).
