​Central

The Ministry of Internal Affairs  has the following competences:

• Organisation, guidance and coordination of the activities aimed at protecting people, goods, objectives and values, as well as the organisation of the guard of special importance objectives, which is within its jurisdiction, according to the law;
• The National Emergency Management System.
• Leading the activity of intelligence and internal protection.
• Drafting and implementation of the national strategy on civil protection;
• In the field of emergency management: development and updating of the action plan establishing the state of emergency and coordination of the uniform application of measures in a state of emergency by the military and civilian public authorities involved;
• Examination of the development of the situation and proposing the extension of the operation or the restriction of the period of application of the state of emergency;
• Continuous monitoring of the operational situation and proposing measures for the prevention and mitigation of the consequences of the crisis in the field of public order; and
• Operational management in case of crisis.

The General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations has the following competences:

• monitoring, evaluation, investigation of causes of emergency situations;
• preventive information and education of the population and warning of the population, notification to the public administration authorities, the possibility/imminence of the occurrence of emergency situations;
• search, download and rescue people;

• evacuation of people, population or threatened property by ensuring evacuation measures, the installation of loss camps, participation in the transport of people and certain categories of property;

• destruction of ice or water clearance;
• providing emergency medical assistance through SMURD modules in the framework of professional emergency services;
• logistical arrangements for intervention of the structures themselves and for making them available to other structures, technical categories, materials and equipment;
• fire-fighting;
• decontamination of the population, specialised means and/or decontamination points, personal, technical, and equipment recognised in time in the territorial profile; 
• neutralisation of the effects of hazardous materials through clearance of unexploded ordnance during military conflict.

Regional

Administrative supervision by the Prefect:

On the basis of Article 123 of the Constitution and of Law n°340/2004 on the institution of the Prefect:

• The Prefect, directly appointed by the government, reviews the legality of acts adopted by local authorities as well as by the County Council and its chair;
• The Prefect is also responsible for implementing the government's strategy and programmes in the field of culture policy at the local and County levels;
• The Prefect represents the central government in each County Council and in the Council of the municipality of Bucharest.
• The Prefect, as head of civil protection, ensures emergency preparedness and use special funds allocated by the government.

Prefect has the following competences in the field of civil protection:

• to approve the operative and preparatory plans on the civil protection line and the planning of exercises and other activities carried out at the level of the administrative-territorial unit;
• to pursue civil protection measures at the level of the administrative-territorial unit;
• to provide, in accordance with the law, the establishment of a state of alert, the activation or use, as appropriate, of intervention features;
• to approve the scheme with territorial risks drawn up by the emergency inspectorate;
• to ensure conditions for the proper conduct and integration of intervention forces in other counties or international teams, as appropriate, arrived in the administrative-territorial unit with the aim of limiting and removing the effects of disasters;
• to submit proposals to the County Council or to the General Council of the Municipality of Bucharest, as appropriate, to supplement the public alarm system, housing stock, material base and other measures for the protection of the population, material assets, cultural values and the environment; 
• to exercise control of the application of measures in civil protection situations

At county level are organized Counties' Inspectorates for Emergency Situations. The General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations has territorial structures: 42 operational centres and more than 280 operational sub-units.

 These Counties Inspectorates are specialized structures designed to execute missions of prevention, monitoring and management of emergencies in the county. In order to fulfil specific tasks, the Inspectorate for Emergency Situations cooperates with local government authorities, other decentralized structures of the Ministry of Interior, military units, voluntary, private and decentralized services, associations, foundations and NGOs working in the field.

Local

The Municipalities, Towns and Communes are responsible for:

Shared competencies between Municipalities, Towns and Communes and the central public administration authorities (Article 24 of Framework Law n°195/2006 on decentralisation):

• Prevention and management of emergencies at local level; and
• Public order and security.

The mayor has the following main competences in field of civil protection:

• to propose the organisational structure of civil protection to the local council;
• to carry out the decisions of the local council in the field of civil protection;
• to approve the operational plans, to prepare and to plan the specialised exercises;
• to propose the necessary funds for civil protection measures;
• to conduct civil protection exercises, applications and preparedness activities;
• to coordinate the work of the voluntary emergency services;
• to approve the cooperation plans with neighbouring municipalities and non-governmental bodies;
• to order measures and to control the manner in which the collective holding facilities are maintained by their administrator;
• to perform, maintain and operate the links and means of notification and alarm in civil protection situations;
• is responsible for scaremongering, protecting and preparing the population for civil protection situations;
• to calls for technical assistance and to support to the management of civil protection situations;
• to exercise control over the application of civil protection measures at local level;
• to ensure the assessment and centralisation of aid applications and compensation in civil protection situations and distribution of those received;
• to coordinate directly the evacuation of the population from areas affected by civil protection situations;
• to lay down the necessary measures to ensure the feeding, accommodation and supply of energy and water to the population evacuated;
• to take measures to ensure public order in the disaster stricken area;
• to cooperate with the mayors of the municipalities or neighbouring sectors, as appropriate, on matters of common interest; 
• to manages, stores, to maintain and to retain the technique, equipment and civil protection material, through the sub-specialty services.

Responsible ministries/bodies

Ministry of Internal Affairs

General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations

Sources

Romania Civil Protection Factsheet (Under Review)

Constitution of Romania of 8 December 1991 amended, published in the Romanian Official Gazette Monitorul Oficial al României, Part I, no. 233 of 21 November 1991.

Framework Law no. 195/2006 on decentralisation, published in the Monitorul Oficial al României, Part I, no. 453 of 25 May 2006, revised.

Law N°215/2001 of Local Public Administration, published in the Monitorul Oficial al României, Part I, no. 204 of 23 April 2001, as subsequently amended; last modified February 2007.

Law no. 315/2004 on regional development in Romania, published in the Monitorul Oficial al României, Part I, no. 577 of 29 June 2004, revised.

Law no. 340/2004 on the institution of the prefect, consolidated version published in the Monitorul Oficial al României, Part I, no. 225 of 24 March 2008 revised.

Law no 481/2004 on civil protection, published in the Monitorul Oficial al României no 1094 of 24 November 2004.