Central

The central government is responsible for making the rules governing:

• The access to the territory;
• Asylum procedures and refugees;
• Subsidiary protection;
• Stateless persons and unaccompanied minors;
• Voluntary return policies;
• Forced removal;
• Reimbursement of repatriation costs;
• Right to enter, and stay for EU Citizens;
• Family reunification policies;
• Issuance of visas;
• Residence permits issuance and criteria for claimants;
• Settlement;
• Migrant integration policies;
• The removal of foreigners, including refugees and illegal immigrants.
  
  

The Federal Authority intervenes directly or indirectly in the integration of migrants, in particular through the Immigrant Policy Impetus Fund (FIPI) and the creation of the Centre for Equal Opportunities and the Fight Against Racism.

Regional

Regions
Regional authorities are responsible for applying the standards governing the employment of foreign workers, including the issuance of work permits.

The Walloon Region for the French linguistic region, and the German-speaking Community for the German linguistic region are responsible for the reception and integration of migrants.

Communities

Communities’ authorities are responsible for:

• Student immigration: the communities will become competent to issue study card. However the federal authority remains competent for the issuing of residence permits;
• The reception and integration of migrants is a community matter
  

The French Community has transferred its responsibility for the French linguistic region to the Walloon Region.
  

Local ​

 
Provinces/Municipalities

Local authorities, specifically the communes, are responsible for the implementation of federal rules at communal level.

Responsible ministries/bodies

Home Affairs FOD/FPS 

Sources

Constitution of Belgium (Constitution belge texte coordonné du 17 février 1994). In particular Art. 128, 130 and 138

Decree of the French Community (19 July 1993) relating to the transfer of the exercise of certain competences of the French Community to the Walloon Region (Décret de la Communauté française du 19 juillet 1993 relatif au transfert de l'exercice de certaines compétences de la Communauté française á la région wallonne et á la commission communautaire française). In particular Art. 3, indent 2

Law of Institutional Reform for the German Community (Loi de réformes institutionnelles pour la Communauté germanophone (31 décembre 1983)). In particular Art. 4, paragraph 1

Special law of Institutional Reform (Loi Spéciale de réformes institutionnelles du 8 Août 1980). In particular Art. 4 indent 10

The French Speaking Community (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles)

Belgium, migrationpolicy.org

Immigration Office, Belgium